Ecology and Epidemiology

- Survival and virus reservoirs 
 
The host range of tobacco vein mottling virus (TVMV) seems relatively small. Some of the hosts are  perennial solanacea such as Physalis virginiana, Solanum carolinense  that may be near tobacco crops. These hosts allow  the overwintering of the virus between tobacco crops.
 
 
- Transmission and dissemination
 
Several aphid species are likely to transmit TVMV, in a non-persistent manner, such as Myzus persicae, Myzus nicotianae, Macrosiphum euphorbiae. The virus is acquired by the vector, in a few seconds and a small number of viral particles are sufficient for an efficient transmission. TVMV would be more easily transmitted by aphids than TEV, which could explain the higher incidence on tobacco in areas where both viruses occur. TVMV is not transmitted with seed in tobacco.