Final diagnosis


Fungi associated with Esca

Appearance of a strain partially affected by symptoms characteristic of <b> esca </b>.
Symptom of <b> Esca </b> on a young vine plant: <b> Esca </b>.
Plusieurs rameaux de cette souche ont flétri brusquement et se sont desséchés entièrement. (<b>forme sévère de l'esca</b>)
Characteristic reddening of a vine leaf with <b> esca </b>.
Yellowing and drying of the veins, very characteristic of <b> esca </b>, manifested on a white grape leaf.
On white grape variety, <b> Esca </b> produces drying out of parts of leaves edged with yellow discoloration. <b> Esca </b>.
This vine leaf has a part completely necrotic under the pressure of the <b> esca </b>.
Reddening and interveinal dryness caused by <b> esca </b>. These symptoms have also been attributed to BDA.
Esca 1
Light brown discoloration of a grape leaf showing symptoms of <b> vine dieback diseases </b>.
Bunch dieback under the influence of vine dieback diseases.
Whole bunches wilting on this vine severely affected by <b> esca </b>.
Longitudinal, brown necrotic lesion visible under bark in wood. (<b> esca </b>).
Numerous brown necrotic lesions are visible on this longitudinally sectioned vine, as well as brown to black streaks and punctures. Note a large alteration of the wood located at a size wound. (<b> esca </b>)
Progressive formation of a tinder-type rot within a central brown necrotic lesion, adjacent to a necrosis of the same sectoral color (mixed necrosis). (<b> esca </b>)
The central part of this transversely cut vine is particularly degraded by a white "rot", the color of which can also be yellow, or even very light brown. This is the "tinder wood" symptom. (<b> esca </b>)
Detail of a cross section of a vine showing the different stages of <b> Esca </b> symptoms.
Degraded wood taken from a vine affected by <b> esca </b>. The fabrics are soft and crumbly, similar to tinder.
Appearance of conidiophore <i><b>Phaeomoniella chlamydospora</b></i>.
This mycelial colony of <i> <b> Phaeomoniella chlamydospora </b> </i> shows slow growth and a rather characteristic dark green to olive tint.
At the end of this conidiophore several hyaline, oblong-ellipsoid to allantoic conidia formed. <b> <i> Phaeoacremonium aleophilum </i> </b>
Mycelial colony on malt-agar medium in a petri dish of <i> <b> Phaeoacremonium aleophilum </b> </i>; developing slowly, it is beige to honey in color and produces a yellow pigment which diffuses into the medium.
<b> <i> Fomitiporia </i> sp. </b> can produce flattened pinkish-brown carpophores on wood (a). The mycelium of this fungus isolated in a petri dish is characterized by its ocher color (b).
Carpophore of <b><i>Stereum hirsutum</i></b>.